Good day Doc!
I learned that pre-school education in Finland is intended for six-year-olds, who will start their compulsory education in the following year. This is not the same with the Philippine education because here pupils start to come to school as early as 2 years old, toddler, then nursery, kinder 1 and kinder 2 then start the elmentary- the basic education.
In Finland participation in pre-school education is voluntary, and it is provided in day care centres and in pre-school classes operating in connection with comprehensive schools. The same with the Philippine education system, children also come to day care centers provided by DSWD voluntarily. There are also public schools who cater universal kindergarten.
In Finland, pre-school education means the systematic education and instruction provided in a day care center (kindergarten) or a comprehensive school in the year preceding the beginning of school.
Subject fields are: language and interaction, mathematics, ethics and philosophy, environmental and natural studies, health, physical and motor development and art and culture.
Basic education is intended for children from seven to sixteen years of age, and its completion in comprehensive school takes nine years. All children permanently resident in Finland are subject to compulsory education for a period of ten years starting in the year of their seventh birthday. Basic education is general education provided free of charge for entire age groups. Basic education is governed by the Basic Education Act of 1998. Here in the Philippines, basic education is governed by R.A. 9155.The broad national objectives and the allocation of time to the instruction in different subjects and subject groups and to childrens counselling are decided by the Government. The National Board of Education decides on the objectives and core contents of instruction by confirming the core curriculum. Based on these, each provider of education prepares the local curriculum. The network of comprehensive schools covers the entire country. For school journeys exceeding five kilometres, transportation is provided free of charge. The Philippine does not provide free transportation to chilren no matter how far the school is.
The basic education syllabus includes at least the following subjects: mother tongue and literature (Finnish or Swedish), the other national language (Swedish or Finnish), foreign languages, environmental studies, civics, religion or ethics, history, social studies, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, physical education, music, visual arts, craft and home economics. Thi is quite different from the Philippine education,the curriculum does not include foreign languages aside from English,mother tongue is not studied but there were proposals to use the moher tongue as medium of instruction. Like the Pihlippines, Finland offers free education also. Basic education is nine-year comprehensive school with no official qualification. This comprehensive school is compulsory.Final certificate is granted for acceptable completion of the syllabus. This is in preparation for the upper secondary which offers general education for students of about 16-19 years of age. Planned syllabus like in the comprehesive school is also followed for 3 years.Upper secondary school ends with the matriculation examination. Like the Philippines, Finland offers also vocational and polytecnic courses Initial vocational education builds on the basic education syllabus and provides 2-3-year instruction in almost all fields of working life. However, there is a decision to extend the duration of all initial vocational education to three years. Polytechnics provide instruction for expert functions in the sectors of natural resources, technology and communications, business and administration, tourism, catering and institutional management, health care and social services, culture, and the humanities and education.
Studies leading to a polytechnic degree take 3.5-4.5 years. University Education
There are twenty universities in Finland: ten multidisciplinary universities, three universities of technology, three schools of economics and business administration and four art academies. The network of universities covers the different parts of the country and provides a student place for almost one third of the age group. All universities are owned by the State. Academic degrees in the military field can be taken at the National Defence College falling under the administrative field of the Ministry of Defence.
The decision-making system of the universities is highly independent. Their operation is prescribed by the Universities Act and Decree. Moreover, their activities are regulated by field-specific decrees on degree systems, governing the field-specific educational duties as well as the definitions, structures, scope, objective and contents of degrees. Universities and their faculties decide on the degree regulations and curricula.
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